Ubuntu's Lost Guide

Squid acl time

2006-09-05T20:43:00.000+07:00

http://martybugs.net/smoothwall/squid.cgi
http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/wiki/index.php/Quick_HOWTO_:_Ch32_:_Controlling_Web_Access_with_Squid

What a Currency ?

2006-06-13T04:20:00.000+07:00

I don't know what is your currency, but since I was born until today nobody tell me why 'Rupiah' choosed to be Indonesian currency and why the zero become long each decade? Nobody knows.
When I was 3 years old, Rp. 25 can used to buy a lollypop but now, even jobless don't want to accept it. No value at all.
This picture looks so nice, if it's in US Dollar currency. You know? it's only $ 10. Lot of zero doesn't mean has big value. Economics! Everyone Loves It.

Can't Hardly Wait

2006-05-31T02:44:00.000+07:00

My request CD of Ubuntu has been approved. Now, I just placed new request for Kubuntu and Edubuntu CD.

Here is my current request:

5 Edubuntu CDs for PC
8 Kubuntu CDs for PC
2 Kubuntu CDs for 64-bit PC

Jesus Christ! why 4 weeks feel so long...

Kubuntu and Edubuntu ShipIt

2006-05-24T09:34:00.000+07:00

After waiting so long, now there are 3 shipit CD available for another Ubuntu version, that is Kubuntu, Edubuntu and Ubuntu itself.

Check this out:
http://shipit.ubuntu.com
http://shipit.kubuntu.com
http://shipit.edubuntu.com

Happy Ubuntu ShipIt!

Verse of the day

2006-05-08T17:30:00.000+07:00

Emulators

2006-05-06T21:38:00.000+07:00

Okay, seeing is believing right? I'm not going to talk to much here, just see it and when you want to do it on your computer, just simply follow instructions that I'll give below:

VMware: buy one get lots. Buy one computer get lots. Click here for complete manual.

Wine: running Windows application without Windows and here is complete manual.

Verse of the day

2006-05-03T21:40:00.000+07:00

I'm still waiting ShipIt to accept request for Dapper Drake, almost 5-8 times a day I turn on my computer only for checking weather it's ready or not. Today, I receive good message from Holy Bible thru gDesklets and I think Jesus knows what I'm doing, actually He knows everything I've done, but today it seems He speak to me.

My ShipIt CD...

2006-05-03T00:44:00.000+07:00

Few days ago, I received a letter. It told me to took some packages from France in post office as mentioned. I knew that it's my Ubuntu CD, I took a bath then went to that post office. After gave my ID card, a young girl who work on post office gave me a box. Wow! I didn't expect that my Ubuntu CD came in a box, usually it came on big white envelope. I was happy.

Today, before I give it to my friends I want to take some photos with my beloved Ubuntu CD. Believe me, you will feel different when you receive by yourself. Here is my Breezy Badger:

Then, I'm thinking what Ubuntu previous release looks like. Here is what I've got:

Warthy Warthog

Hoary Hegdehog

Thanks to my friend, Nito and blogs who provide Warthy and Hoary nice pics. See you on Dapper Drake edition ;-)

I just found my Jesus back!

2006-04-30T00:41:00.000+07:00

For long time I've been searching an easy way to read bible and to become a better man finally I found it thru gDesklet. Now, eachtime I turn on my Ubuntu, Jesus speaks to me directly on my desktop ;-)

My GOD! Dapper Drake is AWESOME!

2006-04-27T02:22:00.000+07:00

In a middle of night, I cannot sleep and browse few sites to get sleepy. Ubuntu site is one of my target site, usually I go directly to wiki.ubuntu.com to get some clue of my problems, but because there are no problems I try to browse another. Browse after browse, finally I came to page where Dapper Drake test for next version. My eyes couldn't blink at all, all I found there makes me cannot sleep ;-) I cannot wait to try, I cannot wait to order FreeCD, I cannot wait to tell and to show to my friends. But, it's 2.28 am so it would be better that I just dreaming using Dapper Drake.

See by yourself : Click Here

3D File Manager

2006-04-26T00:51:00.000+07:00

If you saw Jurrasic Park movie (not The Lost World or Jurrasic III) you will see Lex operate computer with 3D filemanager. It was shocking me, because that time my computer only run Windows 98. She told that it was UNIX system. Wow!

Today, I just found what Lex did on Jurrasic Park, just simply install tdfsb :
# sudo install tdfsb
# tdfsb

and here is my 'Jurrasic Park' desktop:

Easter Egg

2006-04-23T15:02:00.000+07:00

Well, it's little bit late but better late then never, right? Here is some of easter egg found on my Breezy box:

1. Mozilla
Type about:mozilla on URL field then press enter. You will see some of
phrase from The Book of Mozilla 7:15

2. OpenOffice Calc 2.0
Type Game("StarWars") in any cell, then press enter. Surprise!!!

3. Apt-get
Anyone who has used a Debian based system is probably aware of APT's supercow powers. If you type "apt-get" in a terminal and press ENTER, you'll notice a message at the bottom that says "This APT has Super Cow Powers". When you type "apt-get moo", you'll get a message asking "Have you mooed today?"

If you try the same in aptitude, you get the message "There are no Easter Eggs in this program". Of course, it's lying! Try a "aptitude -vv moo", then "aptitude -vvv moo", increasing the v's which usually means verbosity. Aptitude will eventually give up and give you an Egg :)

4. Ubuntu Names

# zcat /usr/share/doc/linux-image-`uname -r`/changelog.Debian.gz | egrep -e "Release"
  #

zgrep "The.*Release" /usr/share/doc/dpkg/changelog.Debian.gz

Hierarchichal Token Bucket

2006-04-23T05:06:00.000+07:00

Want to control your internet traffic? use HTB! Before start configuring, you must know your internet bandwidth, both uplink and downlink. In this example my uplink 64 Kbps and 384 Kbps for downlink. So, let's we start.

Step 1: Get it what you needGo to Sourceforge.net and download htbinit-xx.x.y, put it on /etc/init.d/. Usually I change its name become htbinit only.

Step 2: Becoming daemon
after you put in /etc/init.d then change permission to 755 and make it as a daemon.
# sudo update-rc.d htbinit defaults

Step 3: Shape your client's bandwidth
Create directory /etc/sysconfig/htb/ and write this into files:
===============
eth0
R2Q=1

eth0-10.root
RATE=64Kbit
BURST=15k

eth0-10:10.www
RATE=64Kbit
BURST=15k
LEAF=sfq
RULE=*:80,

eth0-10:20.smtp
RATE=56Kbit
CEIL=64Kbit
BURST=15k
LEAF=sfq
RULE=*:25,

eth0-10:30.others
RATE=4Kbit
CEIL=8Kbit
BURST=15k
LEAF=sfq
===============
eth1
R2Q=1

eth1-10.root
RATE=384Kbit
QUANTUM=15k

eth1-10:20.cpu01
RATE=32Kbit
QUANTUM=15k
CEIL=64Kbit
LEAF=sfq
RULE=192.168.0.1/32

eth1-10:30.cpu02
RATE=64Kbit
QUANTUM=15k
CEIL=128Kbit
LEAF=sfq
RULE=192.168.0.2/32
===============

Step 4: Finally, start your htbinit
# sudo /etc/init.d/htbinit compile
# sudo /etc/init.d/htbinit start

SRG: Squid reporting tool

2006-04-22T19:27:00.000+07:00

Some of my friends ask me how they can check sites on Squid cache. At the first time I little bit confuse, not because of I cannot do it but because there are a lot of program for displaying Squid log. After search and test, I decide to use SRG (found on freshmeat but install using synaptic). Just do:

# sudo apt-get install srg

after finish, edit your /etc/srg/srg.conf:

log_file "/var/log/squid/access.log"

and left the other as default. Then, to make it viewable from web browser do:

# sudo srg -C /etc/srg/srg.conf

Finally, open your web browser and type http://127.0.0.1/srg_reports/. Try it!

Glade, PyGTK, Python: Perfect Combination

2006-04-15T23:53:00.000+07:00

Step 1: Install following program
# sudo apt-get install glade-2 python-glade2

Step 2: Create interface
Run your Glade, Application > Programming > Glade then simply add a button in a new GTK+ Window. There should be like this:

Add handler (on_button1_clicked) and signal (clicked) on properties.

save it, and ready to write Python code.

Step 3: Writing Python code

#!/usr/bin/python

import gtk
import gnome.ui
import gtk.glade

APPNAME="Hello"
APPVERSION="1.0"

class WidgetWrapper:
def __init__(self):
gnome.init(APPNAME, APPVERSION)
self.widgets = gtk.glade.XML("project5.glade")
self.widgets.get_widget("window1")

signalDic = { "on_button1_clicked" : self.on_button1_clicked }
self.widgets.signal_autoconnect(signalDic)

def on_button1_clicked(self, widget):
print "I'm success person"

if __name__ == "__main__":
Widgets = WidgetWrapper()
gtk.mainloop()

Step 4: Run it
Save your Python code in same directory with Glade project files. Give some name, hello.py for example then chmod 755 hello.py, run it. There would be "I'm success person" each time the button clicked. Try it!

Twin letter on each Ubuntu version

2006-04-15T09:59:00.000+07:00

Did you realize that every version of Ubuntu contain same letter?
Here is some example:

04.10 Warthy Warthog ( double W )
05.04 Hoary Hedgehog ( double H )
05.10 Breezy Badger ( double B )
06.04 Dapper Drake ( double D )
06.10 ... ?

Funny, huh? Is this somekind of Ubuntu tradition? Ask Mark . . .

gDesklets: eye-candy for Gnome

2006-04-14T20:27:00.000+07:00

Do you know SuperKaramba? It runs on KDE, now try gDesklets.

Just simply install using apt-get:

# sudo apt-get install gdesklets

Then run it from Application > Accessories > gDesklets.

Need something on your Gnome? download from www.gdesklets.org, choose whatever you like.

and here's what I've done:

AptMove: add programs without internet

2006-04-13T18:22:00.000+07:00

Step 1: Install the apt-move package

Apt-move is a tool for creating a debian package repository file structure out of packages that have been downloaded to /var/cache/apt/archives. Installed packages are downloded there by apt for installation. Apt-move will create this local repository in /mirrors/debian, by default.

sudo apt-get install apt-move

(Or just use synaptic) You need to enable the universe repository. See AddingRepositoriesHowto

I change the setting in /etc/apt-move.conf from

COPYONLY=no

to

COPYONLY=yes

So that apt-move doesn't delete file from your /var/cache/apt/archives/.

Step 2: Select the packages you want to put on the cd

In this example, we only want to put freshly downloaded packages. We don't want to put old packages or packages that exist in Ubuntu CD.

First, we clean up the /var/cache/apt/archives from old packages.

sudo apt-get autoclean

Next, we delete packages that exists in the Ubuntu CD. Put your Ubuntu CD on CD-ROM Drive, mount it (if it not automatically mounted) then run the following:

for f in `find /media/cdrom/pool/ -name '*.deb' -printf %f\\n`
do
if [ -f /var/cache/apt/archives/$f ]; then
sudo rm -v /var/cache/apt/archives/$f
fi
done

Step 3: Run apt move to create the archive structure

Make sure you have enough disk space first.

Because /mirrors/debian is root owned we must become root to make the steps easier.

sudo -s

All the following command run as root. First we clean-up previous mirrors (if exists) then we run apt-move.

rm -rf /mirrors/debian
apt-move -d breezy update

Because ubuntu repository structure, not all packages are inserted into the Packages.gz file by apt-move. We must remake Packages.gz with the help of apt-ftparchive.

cd /mirrors/debian
apt-ftparchive packages pool/main/ \
| gzip -9c > dists/breezy/main/binary-i386/Packages.gz
apt-ftparchive packages pool/restricted/ \
| gzip -9c > dists/breezy/restricted/binary-i386/Packages.gz

We must also remake Release file, to do this we must make an apt configuration file named ~/myapt.conf it contents is like this

APT::FTPArchive::Release {
Origin "APT-Move";
Label "APT-Move";
Suite "breezy";
Codename "breezy";
Architectures "i386";
Components "main restricted";
Description "Ubuntu Updates CD";
};

Next, run the following commands:

rm dists/breezy/Release
apt-ftparchive -c ~/myapt.conf release dists/breezy/ > Release
mv Release dists/breezy/Release

Then we need to make Release.gpg, to make it you must already have your GPGKey set and ready to sign.

gpg -bao dists/breezy/Release.gpg dists/breezy/Release

Next, we delete unwanted .apt-move directory

rm -rf .apt-move

You can identify the cd by making a .disk directory and making an info file in it.

mkdir .disk
echo Ubuntu-Updates `date +%Y-%m-%d` > .disk/info

Then we need to put our public keys in it.

gpg --export -a "Your Name" > public.key

Offcourse change Your Name with the name that you use in your PGP.

Thats' all

exit

Step 4: Burn the cd

Copy the contents of what is contained in /mirrors/debian to a cd.

For example you could make an iso by following command:

mkisofs -r -A "Ubuntu Updates `date +%Y%m%d`" -o ubuntu-updates.iso \
/mirrors/debian

Before you could use the CD, you need to add our GPG key to apt GPG keys. Put the CD on CD-ROM Drive, mount it (if it not automatically mounted) then run the following:

apt-key add /cdrom/public.key

Then you could use the CD like any other Ubuntu CD. On a non-networked ubuntu machine, you can run synaptic, insert the cd and go into Synaptic -> Edit -> Add Cdrom and it will add the contents of the cd to your repositories.

You can also do it from the command-line with

sudo apt-cdrom add

XMMS: Full Bass & Treble config

2006-04-10T21:21:00.000+07:00

edit file /home/breezy/.xmms/menurc:

Preamp = -1.11022e-15
Band0 = 7.2
Band1 = 5.6
Band2 = -1.11022e-15
Band3 = -7.2
Band4 = -4.8
Band5 = 1.6
Band6 = 8
Band7 = 11.2
Band8 = 12
Band9 = 12

Enjoy your music!

Ampuhnya iptables

2006-04-10T17:36:00.000+07:00

#!/bin/sh
iptables -t nat -F
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080
gid=`id -g proxy`
iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m owner --gid-owner $gid -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.64:8080

Script Dashyat!

2006-04-10T17:33:00.000+07:00

acl download url_regex -i ftp .3gp .avi .bin .bz2 .com .deb .exe .gz .iso .lzh .mid .mov .mp3 .mpeg .mpg .msi .ogg .pdf .ram .rar .raw .rm .rpm .tar.gz .tgz .tar .wav .wmv .vqf .vob .zip

delay_pools 1
delay_class 1 1
delay_parameters 1 15000/5000
delay_access 1 allow download

Nginstall Transparan Proxy ah...

2006-04-10T17:07:00.000+07:00

Caranya begini, turuti saja, gak usah macem-macem soalnya ini sudah terbukti dan teruji.

# sudo apt-get install squid adzapper

edit file /etc/squid/squid.conf :

http_port 8080
redirect_program /usr/bin/adzapper.wrapper
httpd_accel_host virtual
httpd_accel_port 80
httpd_accel_with_proxy on
httpd_accel_uses_host_header on
http_access allow all

setelah itu save dan edit file /etc/adzapper.conf :

ZAP_MODE="CLEAR"

lalu buat script iptables di /etc/init.d/iptables-squid yang isinya adalah:

#!/bin/sh
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING --jump MASQUERADE --source 192.168.0.0/24

simpan, lalu chmod 755 iptables-squid. Jadikan daemon dengan cara:

# sudo update-rc.d iptables-squid defaults
# sudo /etc/init.d/squid restart

Jangan lupa edit /etc/network/options sehingga jadi seperti ini:

ip_forward = yes
spoofprotect = yes
syncookies = no

dan yang terakhir adalah:

# sudo sh -c 'echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward'

Selesai.

Awalnya...

2006-04-08T19:30:00.000+07:00

Aku tuh orangnya paling suka utak-atik Linux, apalagi kalau ada distro baru yang punya fitur unik. Pertama kenal Linux aku pake RedHat 6.0 (1999), waktu itu yang ngetrend baru SuSE dan Mandrake. Tapi aku pilih RedHat karena buku-bukunya lebih banyak, jaga-jaga saja kalau ada binggungnya kan yang nolongin banyak.

Terus waktu berjalan, install macem-macem dari 3 CD RedHat itu doank. Jaman itu internet masih mahal dan lambat, mau download jadi mikir 2-3 kali. Aku jalani kehidupan Linux-ku hingga RedHat 8.0 saja. Setelah 'cerai' dengan RedHat aku pakai Mandrake karena ada fitur urpmi yang bikin proses install lebih mudah. Pake Mandrake tidak begitu lama juga, karena aku ngerasa jadi orang banci, lah wong semuanya sudah dibikin mudah. Terus apanya yang bisa dipelajari? Tapi aku akui Mandake kalau urusan tampilan memang no. 1! Top abisss!!!

Tahun 2005 kemarin pas aku nelpon temen, dia kenalkan Ubuntu. Aku ketawa abis, soalnya namanya lucu. Malah ada yang bilang Usus Buntu :-))
Tapi cuek aja, aku coba install dan ternyata interface-nya lumayan bagus. Baru kali ini aku pakai Gnome sebagai default desktop environment, biasanya sih pake KDE atau BlackBox. Kesan pertama sih biasa saja, tapi pas mau install mc (midnight commander), aku kaget banget. Tinggal ketik:

$ sudo apt-get install mc

cuman gitu doank. Dalam hati aku bilang, "nah ini dia yang aku cari selama ini!"

Setelah sekian lama utak-atik Ubuntu dan menghasilkan 'karya penting' aku binggung untuk nympan dokumentasinya. Selama ini aku simpen di email, sekarang aku mau coba nulis apa yang pernah aku perbuat bersama Ubuntu di sini...